1Hey, it's Danny.
2People make sculptures out of many different things.
3For example, you might have made a sculpture out of clay before.
4But check these sculptures out.
5They aren't made out of clay.
6These sculptures are made out of something much more surprising.
7And it's something that you might have even eaten before.
8Can you tell what these sculptures are made of?
9It's butter. I'm serious.
10People make sculptures out of butter. So cool!
11Someone named Lola is curious about butter.
12Let's give Lola a call now.
13Hi, Danny.
14Hi, Lola.
15I have a question for you.
16How is butter made?
17Ooh, that's a great question.
18While you probably haven't made any sculptures out of butter,
19maybe you've put it on your pancakes at breakfast.
20Or maybe onto bread at dinner.
21Or maybe even made pies or cookies with it. Yum!
22But where does butter even come from?
23Legend has it that thousands of years ago in Africa,
24a traveler had a bag of milk hanging from his horse.
25After traveling a long way,
26he got really thirsty and reached for the bag to take a drink.
27And that's when he discovered something amazing.
28Some of the milk had turned into butter!
29Okay, we're not sure if the legend of the traveler discovering butter is true.
30But it very well could be.
31Because believe it or not, a similar thing can happen even today.
32Milk can turn into butter when you put it in a big bag and do this.
33And it can turn into butter when you put it in a machine like this one
34or this one.
35It can even turn into butter when you put it in a jar and do this.
36And those aren't the only ways.
37There are lots and lots of ways you can turn milk into butter.
38But they all have one thing in common.
39Have you noticed what it is?
40Before I go on, I'm curious:
41what do all these ways to make butter have in common?
42Now would be a good time to pause the video and discuss.
43Okay, you ready?
44I'm not sure how you answered, but I bet some of you might have said "shaking".
45All these ways are shaking the milk.
46Whether it's on a bumpy horse ride like the traveler
47or in one of those churning machines,
48if you take the cream from milk and shake it a bunch,
49you end up with water and butter.
50And here's why.
51Milk is mostly made out of water.
52But it also has other stuff in it like this.
53See those little circles?
54Those are tiny pieces of something called fat.
55And to make butter, you need to separate those fat pieces from the water part of the milk.
56And you can do that by shaking it.
57See, when you shake milk, all the pieces of fat begin to stick together in clumps.
58Kind of like tiny pieces of clay would stick together if you balled it up.
59But here's the thing.
60When you first start shaking the milk,
61air bubbles get trapped in there too.
62Those air bubbles make the milk all fluffy like this.
63You probably recognize this stuff.
64It's whipped cream.
65Now whipped cream can be used as a topping on ice cream sundaes.
66But if you want to make butter, you've got to be patient
67and keep shaking and shaking and shaking
68until all the pieces of fat separate from the water
69and turn into this: butter!
70It's that simple.
71You can even make it at home.
72Now most kinds of milk at the store won't work all that well.
73But there is a special kind called heavy cream that works great.
74Just put the cream in a jar,
75start to shake, shake, and shake.
76And if you shake it long enough,
77that cream will eventually turn into butter.
78So cool!
79So in summary, whether you shake it in a jar at school or at home
80or in a modern spinning machine like this one,
81butter is made by shaking the cream from milk.
82When you shake milk,
83the pieces of fat in it begin to separate from the water and clump and clump and clump together
84until it turns into butter.
85That's all for this week's question.
86Thanks, Lola, for asking it.